Physics lesson 2.3 (measuring volume)

To measure the volume of the liquids we can use the measuring cylinder ,burette or the pipette.
Meniscus
In narrow glass cylinders, the liquid is curved into a shape called a meniscus.
Meniscus can be either a concave or a convex.A concave meniscus occurs when the molecules of the liquid is attracted to the container more than to each other.(e.g.water)Conversely,A convex meniscus occurs when the liquid molecules have stronger attraction yo each other than to the container.(e.g.mercury)
Surface tension
This is caused by cohesion(the attraction of molecules to other molecules)
To read the accurate volume, ensure that your eye level is the same as the bottom of the meniscus curve.